Blood donation and transfusion service is an indispensable part of contemporary medicine and health care. Blood management has been recognized as a challenging task because of life threatening nature of blood products entails the punctilious administration due to its perishable nature & required timely processing and it also saves the life.
One beat blood bank website provides online status of blood group wise availability of blood units. The system manages all the activities from blood collection both from camps & hospitals till the issue of blood units. It includes donor screening, blood collection, mandatory testing, storage and issue of the unit (whole human blood IP, different Blood component and aphaeresis blood products).
Features
Blood Bank
Blood drives life, it’s constantly circulating within the human body ensuring that all essential substances like nutrition, oxygen reach all different parts of our body and the cells. An average person carries nearly 5 liters of blood, it circulates the body through blood vessels and is pumped through the heart.
A blood bank is a center where blood gathered as a result of blood donation stored and preserved for later use in blood transfusion. The term "blood bank" typically refers to a division of hospital where the storage of blood product occurs and where proper testing is performed (to reduce the risk of transfusion related adverse events). However, it sometimes refers to a collection center, and some hospitals also perform collection. Blood banking includes tasks related to blood collection, processing, testing, separation, and storage.
Blood
Blood is a specialized bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body’s cells such as nutrients and oxygen, and transports waste products away from those same cells. Blood comprises more than 8% of the body weight of a healthy individual.
On an average, every adult person has about 5 to 6 liters of blood. The major component of blood is a fluid called plasma in which are suspended cellular elements. These are Red Blood Cells or RBCs, White Blood Cells or WBCs and platelets.
Blood Component
Plasma – About 55% of whole blood is, a fluid that is the blood’s liquid medium, which by itself is straw-yellow in color. It has protein components called albumin, globulin and fibrinogen. Broadly speaking, albumin maintains the structural balance of blood, globulin builds resistance to bacterial infections, and fibrinogen helps blood coagulate.
Red Cells carry oxygen from the lungs to various body tissues and take back carbon dioxide from the cells and tissues which the body gets rid of as exhaled air. The basic substance of red cells is iron and protein, known as haemoglobin. The haemoglobin count is an indicator of the health of blood. On an average, a healthy male should have 14 – 16 gm per 100 millilitre and in a female around 12 – 14 gm per 100 millilitre.
White cells act mainly as body scavengers and guards. They help in the immune system of the body and act as defense forces of the body, killing bacteria or any other organisms entering the body.
Platelets help in the clotting and coagulation of blood. They also repair the tiny blood vessels in the body which crack under pressure, thereby preventing hemorrhages under the skin.
Blood Groups
Although all blood is made of the same basic elements, not all blood is alike. In fact, there are eight different common blood types, which are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens substances that can trigger an immune response if they are foreign to the body. Since some antigens can trigger a patient’s immune system to attack the transfused blood, safe blood transfusions depend on careful blood typing and cross-matching.
There are four major blood groups determined by the presence or absence of two antigens A and B on the surface of red blood cells:-
Although all blood is made of the same basic elements, not all blood is alike. In fact, there are eight different common blood types, which are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens substances that can trigger an immune response if they are foreign to the body. Since some antigens can trigger a patient’s immune system to attack the transfused blood, safe blood transfusions depend on careful blood typing and cross-matching.
The universal red cell donor has Type O negative blood type.
The universal plasma donor has Type AB positive blood type.
There are four major blood groups determined by the presence or absence of two antigens A and B on the surface of red blood cells:-
Why Donate Blood
There is no SUBSTITUTE FOR BLOOD
Despite all medical advances, we have found no way of duplicating it except in our own bodies.
Only a HUMAN being can donate and help another human being.
It feels great to donate!
It’s something you can spare most people have blood to spare… yet, there is still not enough to go around.
You will help ensure blood is on the shelf when needed most people don’t think they’ll ever need blood, but many do.
You will be someone’s hero in fact, you will help as many as three people with just one donation.
Use of Donated Blood
Blood or the components of blood are used to treat patients with medical conditions such as anaemia, cancer blood disorders, and those having surgery.
Donated blood or components are given to a patient in a blood transfusion. Blood transfusions are given via an intravenous line into a blood vessel.
Around 67% was used to treat medical conditions including anaemia, cancer and blood disorders, such as sickle cell, 27% was used in surgery, including cardiac surgery and emergency surgery 6% was used to treat blood loss after childbirth.
The demand for blood from hospitals has fallen due to increased efficiency, but new donors are always needed to make sure there is enough blood to treat those who need it.
Halflife of Blood
All blood components have a short shelf life, creating the need for a constant blood supply.
Services Offered
The above mentioned screening tests are mandatory and have been prescribed under the guidance of the Drug Authority of India which is also the licensing authority.
Special Services Offered
Blood components available always include :-